WavNet — Visual saliency detection using Discrete Wavelet Convolutional Neural Network

In the recent advancements in image and video analysis, the detection of salient regions in the image becomes the initial step. This plays a crucial role in deciding the performance of such algorithms. In this work, a Multi-Resolution Feature Extraction (MRFE) technique that makes use of Discrete Wavelet Convolutional Neural Network (DWCNN) for generating features is employed. An Enhanced Feature Extraction (EFE) module extracts additional features from the high level features of the DWCNN, which are used to frame both channel as well as spatial attention models for yielding contextual attention maps. A new hybrid loss function is also proposed, which is a combination of Balanced Cross Entropy (BCE) loss and Edge based Structural Similarity (ESSIM) loss that effectively identifies and segments the salient regions with clear boundaries. The method is tested exhaustively with five different benchmark datasets and is proved superior to the existing state-of-the-art methods with a minimum Mean Absolute error (MAE) of 0.03 and F-measure of 0.956.     

Preparation and properties of Eu and Dy co-doped strontium aluminate long afterglow nanomaterials

The long afterglow nanomaterials of strontium aluminate co-doped by Eu and Dy have been synthesized by co-precipitation combined hydrothermal method. The effects of hydrothermal time, calcination time, pH value, the amount of aluminum nitrate, activator, co-activator and flux H₃BO₃ on the fluorescence properties of the product were investigated by means of single factor optimization experiment. Then the orthogonal experiment was employed to obtain the optimal synthesis conditions that are as follows: n_Dy/n_Eu = 2.5, t_c = 2.5?h, n_Eu/n_Sr = 0.02, t_h = 8?h. Subsequently, the optimal synthesis conditions were verified by three repeated experiments, and the obtained products were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and fluorescence spectrometer. The results showed that the synthesized target products all were the mixed crystal phase of SrAl₂O₄ and Sr₄Al_l4O₂₅. The particles presented regular spherical-like with size ~ 100?nm. The dopants Eu and Dy were confirmed existed in the SrAl₂O₄ powders. The fluorescence and afterglow data of the target products were better than that in the orthogonal experiment scheme. The primary emission spectra band was in the range of 400–600?nm with characteristic peak located at ~ 460?nm corresponding to the transitions of Eu²⁺ ions from 4f⁶5d→4f⁷, and the blue light can be observed by naked eyes. The similar fast-decaying and slow-decaying processes were displayed in all the afterglow curves, and the initial afterglow brightness of the target product is apparently higher than that of products synthesized by the orthogonal experiment. The synthesized target products, which show excellent long afterglow performance, present a great application prospects in the aspects of ceramics, plastics, arts and crafts, ink and coating.     

Regulatory role of phosphoproteins in the development of bovine small intestine during early life

The small intestine is the primary site of nutrient digestion and absorption, which plays a key role in the survival of neonatal calves. A comprehensive assessment of the phosphoproteomic changes in the small intestine of neonatal calves is unavailable; therefore, we used phosphopeptide enrichment coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to investigate the changes in the phosphoproteome profile in the bovine small intestine during the first 36 h of life. Twelve neonatal male calves were assigned to one of the following groups: (1) calves not fed colostrum and slaughtered approximately 2 h postpartum (n = 3), (2) calves fed colostrum at 1 to 2 h and slaughtered 8 h postpartum (n = 3), (3) calves fed 2 colostrum meals (at 1–2 and 10–12 h) and slaughtered 24 h postpartum (n = 3), (4) calves fed 3 colostrum meals (at 1–2, 10–12, and 22–24 h) and slaughtered 36 h postpartum (n = 3). Mid-duodenal, jejunal, and ileal samples of the calves were collected after slaughter. We identified 1,678 phosphoproteins with approximately 3,080 phosphosites, which were mainly Ser (89.9%), Thr (9.8%), and Tyr (0.3%) residues; they belonged to the prodirected (52.9%), basic (20.4%), acidic (16.6%), and Tyr-directed (1.7%) motif categories. The regional differentially expressed phosphoproteins included zonula occludens 2, sorting nexin 12, and protein kinase C, which are mainly associated with developmental processes, intracellular transport, vesicle-mediated transport, and immune system process. They are enriched in the endocytosis, tight junction, insulin signaling, and focal adhesion pathways. The temporal differentially expressed phosphoproteins included occludin, epsin 1, and bridging integrator 1, which were mainly associated with macromolecule metabolic process, cell adhesion, and growth. They were enriched in the spliceosomes, adherens junctions, and tight junctions. The observed changes in the phosphoproteins in the tissues of small intestine suggest the protein phosphorylation plays an important role in nutrient transport and immune response of calves during early life, which needs to be confirmed in a larger study.     

石油烃污染土壤中腐植酸对草本植物吸收重金属的影响

本文研究了重金属和石油烃复合污染土壤中,腐植酸对草本植物吸收重金属的影响。结果显示:腐植酸大幅度地降低了污染土壤中可溶性和交换态重金属含量,但提高了植物可利用态重金属含量。土壤添加腐植酸后,除Ni外,重金属潜在生物有效性和可淋出性因子大于1,这表明大多数重金属对植物具有潜在的有效性。此外,腐植酸增加了铅(Pb)、铜(Cu)、镉(Cd)和镍(Ni)在供试植物幼苗和根部的积累,最高的是高羊茅幼苗,达264.7%,生物富集系数从0.30提高到1.10。芸苔根中Ni和Pb的生物富集系数也有所提高。这些研究结果表明,石油烃与重金属同时污染的情况下,加入腐植酸可以促进植物吸收重金属,但降低重金属淋失,防止地下污染。     

基于MAS和Petri-net技术的新能源电网协调控制策略

为提高新能源微电网电力供应的安全性和经济性,提出了一种基于Multi-Agent和Petri-net技术的协调控制策略。微电网是一个典型的混合系统,包括多种分布式发电和储能单元,它们具有不同行为特征和多种运行模态。考虑到这些分布式单元模态运行和逻辑切换的复杂性,构建了Multi-Agent系统(MAS),通过多Agent的交互作用来实现分布式协调控制策略。由于Petri-net模型是表述多模态运行系统的最有效工具之一,所以采用petr-net模型来描述各分布式单元的模态切换行为并以此设计其单元Agent模态切换控制策略。在此基础上,基于Multi-Agent系统框架在上层中心Agent中构建各分布式能源单元之间的模态协调切换控制策略,来实现整个微电网运行模态的有效切换。最后仿真验证了所提出的控制策略的有效性。     

基于Multi-Agent系统的含分布式电源电网能源优化管理

在市场运行环境下,为了寻求微电网成本利益和环境效益的最大化,提出基于Multi-Agent系统能源优化管理策略。该研究首先构建Multi-Agent系统。此系统包括市场管理Agent(MOA),微电网管理Agent(MMA),公共电网Agent(UGA)和分布式发电Agent(DGA)。根据各微电网管理Agent上报的发电计划,在市场管理Agent中设计电价竞标策略用来确定各微电网的最佳交易电价和中标电量,以确保微电网经济利益最大化。在此基础上,在各微电网管理Agent中设计能量管理策略,并采用改进粒子群算法来确定微电网内部各分布式发电Agents的最佳功率分派,从而最小化微电网的运行成本。最后仿真验证了该方案的有效性。     

基于拍卖的物联网搜索数据提供机制

不同于互联网搜索采用爬虫等技术来采集数据,物联网搜索获取数据的主要方式之一是数据拥有者主动提供数据,然而自私性及隐私保护等原因导致数据拥有者不愿主动提供数据。这使得如何有效激励数据拥有者提供数据成为促进物联网搜索发展的关键问题之一。由于竞价拍卖能有效激励参与合作,因此将竞价博弈引入到物联网搜索中,为物联网搜索中的数据采集提供方法。具体地,提出了面向性价比最优的多属性逆向拍卖激励机制,证明了最优数据质量独立于自身报价、其他竞拍者的数据质量及其报价。     

高效的基于段模式的恶意URL检测方法

提出一种高效的基于段模式的检测恶意URL的方法,该方法首先解析已标注的恶意URL中的域名、路径名和文件名3个语义段,然后通过建立以三元组为词项的倒排索引快速计算恶意URL每个语义段的模式,最后基于倒排索引查找到的段模式来判定给定的URL是否是恶意URL。不仅如此,该方法还支持基于Jaccard的随机域名识别技术来判定包含随机域名的恶意URL。实验结果表明,与当前先进的基准方法相比,该方法具有较好的性能和可扩展性。     

Policy translation and configuration using dynamic template

To solve the problem of complex,cumbersome and error-prone configuration of security devices caused by the heterogeneous configuration modes in complex networks,a dynamic template-based scheme for translating and configuring policy was proposed.In detail,considering the code’s features,the code-based template for translating policies was constructed to configure the command line conversion,and the keyword comparison method was used to ensure the accuracy of policy configuration.Experiments show that the scalability and the accuracy of the proposed scheme.